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Many years the default for SSH keys was DSA or RSA. There is a new kid on the block, with the fancy name Ed25519. Let's have a look at this new key type. Lazy SSH - SSH Scanner - SSH Checker V1.7.0 - T4/2015 Traffic Click Botz - Tool Boot Traffic, Auto Click Using SSH, Proxy, HMA How to get accepted into Fileice PPD network and Earn Money - Simple.
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In this chapter, we will learn about the important password cracking tools used in Kali Linux.
Hydra
Hydra is a login cracker that supports many protocols to attack ( Cisco AAA, Cisco auth, Cisco enable, CVS, FTP, HTTP(S)-FORM-GET, HTTP(S)-FORM-POST, HTTP(S)-GET, HTTP(S)-HEAD, HTTP-Proxy, ICQ, IMAP, IRC, LDAP, MS-SQL, MySQL, NNTP, Oracle Listener, Oracle SID, PC-Anywhere, PC-NFS, POP3, PostgreSQL, RDP, Rexec, Rlogin, Rsh, SIP, SMB(NT), SMTP, SMTP Enum, SNMP v1+v2+v3, SOCKS5, SSH (v1 and v2), SSHKEY, Subversion, Teamspeak (TS2), Telnet, VMware-Auth, VNC and XMPP).
To open it, go to Applications → Password Attacks → Online Attacks → hydra.
It will open the terminal console, as shown in the following screenshot.
In this case, we will brute force FTP service of metasploitable machine, which has IP 192.168.1.101
We have created in Kali a word list with extension ‘lst’ in the path usrsharewordlistmetasploit.
The command will be as follows −
where –V is the username and password while trying
As shown in the following screenshot, the username and password are found which are msfadmin:msfadmin
Johnny
Johnny is a GUI for the John the Ripper password cracking tool. Generally, it is used for weak passwords.
To open it, go to Applications → Password Attacks → johnny.
In this case, we will get the password of Kali machine with the following command and a file will be created on the desktop.
Click “Open Passwd File” → OK and all the files will be shown as in the following screenshot.
Click “Start Attack”.
After the attack is complete, click the left panel at “Passwords” and the password will be unshaded.
John
Download air ignite m-audio mini 32 for mac. john is a command line version of Johnny GUI. To start it, open the Terminal and type “john”.
In case of unshadowing the password, we need to write the following command −
Rainbowcrack
The RainbowCrack software cracks hashes by rainbow table lookup. Rainbow tables are ordinary files stored on the hard disk. Generally, Rainbow tables are bought online or can be compiled with different tools.
To open it, go to Applications → Password Attacks → click “rainbowcrack”.
The command to crack a hash password is −
SQLdict
It is a dictionary attack tool for SQL server and is very easy and basic to be used. To open it, open the terminal and type “sqldict”. It will open the following view.
Under “Target IP Server”, enter the IP of the server holding the SQL. Under “Target Account”, enter the username. Then load the file with the password and click “start” until it finishes.
hash-identifier
It is a tool that is used to identify types of hashes, meaning what they are being used for. For example, if I have a HASH, it can tell me if it is a Linux or windows HASH.
The above screen shows that it can be a MD5 hash and it seems a Domain cached credential.
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Introduction into Ed25519
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OpenSSH 6.5 added support for Ed25519 as a public key type. It is using an elliptic curve signature scheme, which offers better security than ECDSA and DSA. At the same time, it also has good performance. This type of keys may be used for user and host keys. With this in mind, it is great to be used together with OpenSSH. In this article, we have a look at this new key type.
DSA or RSA
Many forum threads have been created regarding the choice between DSA or RSA. DSA is being limited to 1024 bits, as specified by FIPS 186-2. This is also the default length of ssh-keygen. While the length can be increased, it may not be compatible with all clients. So it is common to see RSA keys, which are often also used for signing. With Ed25519 now available, the usage of both will slowly decrease.
Configuring the server
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The first thing to check is if your current OpenSSH package is up-to-date. You will need at least version 6.5 of OpenSSH.
Create SSH host keys
Change SSH configuration (server)
Next step is changing the sshd_config file. Add the new host key type:
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key
Remove any of the other HostKey settings that are defined.
Client Configuration
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After configuring the server, it is time to do the client. We have to create a new key first. Make sure that your ssh-keygen is also up-to-date, to support the new key type. Note: the tilde (~) is an alias for your home directory and expanded by your shell.
Optional step: Check the key before copying it.
ssh-keygen -l -f ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
If that looks good, copy it to the destination host.
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub michael@192.168.1.251
Then determine if we can log in with it.
$ ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 michael@192.168.1.251 Enter passphrase for key ‘~/.ssh/id_ed25519’:
When using this newer type of key, you can configure to use it in your local SSH configuration file (~/.ssh/config). Defining the key file is done with the IdentityFile option.
Host [name]
HostName [hostname]
User [your-username]
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
IdentitiesOnly yes
Insight: using -o
Normally you can use the -o option to save SSH private keys using the new OpenSSH format. It uses bcrypt/pbkdf2 to hash the private key, which makes it more resilient against brute-force attempts to crack the password. Only newer versions (OpenSSH 6.5+) support it though. For this key type, the -o option is implied and does not have to be provided. Also, a bit size is not needed, as it is always 256 bits for this key type.
Are you already using the new key type? Or other tips for our readers? Leave a comment.